SpringCloudAlibaba

最流行的微服务框架

简介

SpringCloud-Alibaba功能

Nacos服务注册与配置中心

Nacos = Eureka + Config + Bus

下载安装

下载**nacos1.2.1版本**

centos启动

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# 进入 bin目录
sh startup.sh -m standalone

访问

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# 默认用户名和密码是nacos
http://192.168.0.23:8848/nacos/

注册服务

nacos自带负载均衡，整合了Ribbon

父工程pom

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<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

子工程pom

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<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

yml

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server:
  port: 9001

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.0.23:8848 #配置Nacos地址

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

启动类

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@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9001.class,args);
    }
}

nacos切换AP和CP

nacos切换AP和CP

配置中心

nacos的yml配置文件

pom

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<!--nacos-config-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--nacos-discovery-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>

boostrap.yml

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server:
  port: 3377

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #服务注册中心地址
      config:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置中心地址
        file-extension: yaml #指定yaml格式的配置
        group: TEST_GROUP #默认：DEFAULT_GROUP
        namespace: 00ab1957-eb3f-4555-96ca-3d20817e854d #命名空间id 默认：public
        # 读取多个配置文件
        ext-config:
          - data-id: test.yml
            group: dev
            # 是否动态刷新
            refresh: true
          - data-id: test2.yml
            group: dev
            refresh: true

# 读取格式
# ${spring.application.name}-${spring.profile.active}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}
# nacos-config-client-dev.yaml

application.yml

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spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

启动类

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@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class NacosConfigClientMain3377{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConfigClientMain3377.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

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@RestController
//支持nacos的动态刷新
@RefreshScope
public class ConfigClientController{
    @Value("${config.info}")
    private String configInfo;

    @GetMapping("/config/info")
    public String getConfigInfo() {
        return configInfo;
    }
}

配置Id规则

prefix默认为spring.application.name的值

spring.profile.active既为当前环境对应的profile,可以通过配置项spring.profile.active

file-exetension为配置内容的数据格式，可以通过配置项spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension配置

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${spring.application.name}-${spring.profile.active}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}

nacos配置解析

分类配置

config分组简介

DataID方案

指定spring.profile.active和配置文件的DataID来使不同环境下读取不同的配置

nacos-config-DataId配置

Group方案

Group-config分组配置

yml中添加Group组配置

NameSpace方案

config-namspace新建命名空间

config-namespace配置yml

Nacos集群

切换到Mysql数据库

nacos默认自带的是嵌入式数据库derby
Nacos数据存储1
Nacos数据存储2

切换数据源
nacos切换数据库执行脚本
nacos修改application文件

application文件添加以下内容

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spring.datasource.platform=mysql
 
db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true
db.user=数据库用户名
db.password=数据库密码

配置cluster文件

nacos集群配置文件cluster
nacos集群配置文件cluster内容

修改startup.sh脚本

nacos修改startup脚本
nacos修改startup脚本2

使用新命令启动

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./startup.sh -p 3333
./startup.sh -p 4444
./startup.sh -p 5555

配置Nginx

nacos集群修改nginx配置.png

添加配置

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upstream cluster{                                                        
    server 127.0.0.1:3333;
    server 127.0.0.1:4444;
    server 127.0.0.1:5555;
}
server{
    listen 1111;
    server_name localhost;
    location /{
            proxy_pass http://cluster;
    }
}

nacos集群nginx启动

通过nginx访问nacos集群

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https://写你自己虚拟机的ip:1111/nacos/#/login

配置服务进集群

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server-addr:  写你自己的虚拟机ip:1111

Seata分布式事务

简介

  • XID
    全局事务唯一ID

  • TC - 事务协调者
    维护全局和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交或回滚。

  • TM - 事务管理器
    定义全局事务的范围：开始全局事务、提交或回滚全局事务。

  • RM - 资源管理器
    管理分支事务处理的资源，与TC交谈以注册分支事务和报告分支事务的状态，并驱动分支事务提交或回滚。

处理流程

  1. TM向TC申请开启一个全局事务，全局事务创建成功并创建生成一个全局唯一的XID
  2. XID在微服务调用链路的上下文中传播
  3. RM向TC注册支事务，将其纳入XID对应全局事务的管辖
  4. TM向TC发起针对XID的全局提交或回滚决议
  5. TC调度XID下管辖的全部分支事务完成提交或回滚请求

seata处理流程

使用

Github下载

修改file.conf文件

修改file.conf文件

修改registry文件

修改registry.conf文件

添加数据库seata，运行sql脚本

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drop table if exists `global_table`;
create table `global_table` (
  `xid` varchar(128)  not null,
  `transaction_id` bigint,
  `status` tinyint not null,
  `application_id` varchar(32),
  `transaction_service_group` varchar(32),
  `transaction_name` varchar(128),
  `timeout` int,
  `begin_time` bigint,
  `application_data` varchar(2000),
  `gmt_create` datetime,
  `gmt_modified` datetime,
  primary key (`xid`),
  key `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
  key `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
);
 
-- the table to store BranchSession data
drop table if exists `branch_table`;
create table `branch_table` (
  `branch_id` bigint not null,
  `xid` varchar(128) not null,
  `transaction_id` bigint ,
  `resource_group_id` varchar(32),
  `resource_id` varchar(256) ,
  `lock_key` varchar(128) ,
  `branch_type` varchar(8) ,
  `status` tinyint,
  `client_id` varchar(64),
  `application_data` varchar(2000),
  `gmt_create` datetime,
  `gmt_modified` datetime,
  primary key (`branch_id`),
  key `idx_xid` (`xid`)
);
 
-- the table to store lock data
drop table if exists `lock_table`;
create table `lock_table` (
  `row_key` varchar(128) not null,
  `xid` varchar(96),
  `transaction_id` long ,
  `branch_id` long,
  `resource_id` varchar(256) ,
  `table_name` varchar(32) ,
  `pk` varchar(36) ,
  `gmt_create` datetime ,
  `gmt_modified` datetime,
  primary key(`row_key`)
);

在需要使用seata的数据库中增加undo.log表

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CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
  `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

java的pom中引入

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<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
  <!-- 这里排除默认版本 -->
  <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
          <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
          <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
      </exclusion>
  </exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入自己下载的版本 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
  <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>

yml文件配置

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spring:
  application:
    name: qiannong-payment-10003
  cloud:
    alibaba:
      seata:
        tx-service-group: file.conf中自定义的名字 # 这里的名字就是在file中自定义的名字

添加file.conf和register.conf配置文件到resource中

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# file.conf

transport {
  # tcp udt unix-domain-socket
  type = "TCP"
  #NIO NATIVE
  server = "NIO"
  #enable heartbeat
  heartbeat = true
  #thread factory for netty
  thread-factory {
    boss-thread-prefix = "NettyBoss"
    worker-thread-prefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker"
    server-executor-thread-prefix = "NettyServerBizHandler"
    share-boss-worker = false
    client-selector-thread-prefix = "NettyClientSelector"
    client-selector-thread-size = 1
    client-worker-thread-prefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread"
    # netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT
    boss-thread-size = 1
    #auto default pin or 8
    worker-thread-size = 8
  }
  shutdown {
    # when destroy server, wait seconds
    wait = 3
  }
  serialization = "seata"
  compressor = "none"
}

service {
  # 这里的.后面是在file.conf中定义的名字
  vgroup_mapping.yunle = "default"
  # 指定ip地址
  default.grouplist = "192.168.0.18:8091"
  enableDegrade = false
  disable = false
  max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1"
  max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1"
  disableGlobalTransaction = false
}


client {
  async.commit.buffer.limit = 10000
  lock {
    retry.internal = 10
    retry.times = 30
  }
  report.retry.count = 5
  tm.commit.retry.count = 1
  tm.rollback.retry.count = 1
}

store {
  # 修改成db
  mode = "db"

  file {
    dir = "sessionStore"

    max-branch-session-size = 16384
    max-global-session-size = 512
    file-write-buffer-cache-size = 16384
    session.reload.read_size = 100
    flush-disk-mode = async
  }

  db {
    datasource = "dbcp"
    db-type = "mysql"
    driver-class-name = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
    url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/seata"
    user = "root"
    password = "root"
    min-conn = 1
    max-conn = 3
    global.table = "global_table"
    branch.table = "branch_table"
    lock-table = "lock_table"
    query-limit = 100
  }
}
lock {
  mode = "remote"

  local {
  }

  remote {
  }
}
recovery {
  committing-retry-period = 1000
  asyn-committing-retry-period = 1000
  rollbacking-retry-period = 1000
  timeout-retry-period = 1000
}

transaction {
  undo.data.validation = true
  undo.log.serialization = "jackson"
  undo.log.save.days = 7
  undo.log.delete.period = 86400000
  undo.log.table = "undo_log"
}

metrics {
  enabled = false
  registry-type = "compact"
  exporter-list = "prometheus"
  exporter-prometheus-port = 9898
}

support {
  spring {
    datasource.autoproxy = false
  }
}
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# register.conf
registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  # 使用自己的注册中心
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    # 注册中心地址
    serverAddr = "192.168.0.18:8848"
    namespace = ""
    cluster = "default"
  }
  eureka {
    serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
    application = "default"
    weight = "1"
  }
  redis {
    serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
    db = "0"
  }
  zk {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    session.timeout = 6000
    connect.timeout = 2000
  }
  consul {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
  }
  etcd3 {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  sofa {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
    application = "default"
    region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
    datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
    cluster = "default"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    addressWaitTime = "3000"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "file"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "localhost"
    namespace = ""
  }
  consul {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
  }
  apollo {
    app.id = "seata-server"
    apollo.meta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
  }
  zk {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    session.timeout = 6000
    connect.timeout = 2000
  }
  etcd3 {
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

切换默认数据源

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// 排除默认状态数据源
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ShopMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ShopMain.class, args);
}
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// 改为seata代理

@Configuration
public class DataSourceProxyConfig {


    @Value("${mybatis.mapper-locations}")
    private String mapperLocations;


    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.druid")
    public DataSource druidDataSource(){
        return new DruidDataSource();
    }


    @Bean
    public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DataSourceProxy(dataSource);
    }


    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapperLocations));
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory());
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
    }

}

在需要使用事务的方法上加

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//调用发生异常时回滚。
@GlobalTransactional(name = "自定义的名字",rollbackFor = Exception.class)

先启动注册中心==》再启动seata==》再启动业务

Linux启动

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nohup sh seata-server.sh -p 8091 -h 127.0.0.1 -m file &> seata.log &

Sentinel限流

安装

docker安装

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docker run --name sentinel -d -p 8858:8858 -p 8791:8791 -d bladex/sentinel-dashboard:1.7.0
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# 访问，默认用户名和密码是sentinel
http://localhost:8858

下载安装

sentinel下载

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# 前台启动
java -Dserver.port=8080 -Dcsp.sentinel.dashboard.server=localhost:8080 -Dproject.name=sentinel-dashboard -jar sentinel-dashboard.jar
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# 后台启动
nohup java -Dserver.port=8080 -Dcsp.sentinel.dashboard.server=localhost:8080 -Dproject.name=sentinel-dashboard -jar sentinel-dashboard.jar &> sentinel.log &
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# 访问，默认用户名和密码是sentinel
http://localhost:8080

流控

sentinel限流规则解释

sentinel限流规则1

sentinel限流规则2

sentinel限流规则3

sentinel限流规则4

sentinel匀速排队限流

降级

sentinel降级解释

sentinel降级1

sentinel降级2

sentinel降级3

sentinel降级4

sentinel降级5

热点key限流

sentinel热点key1

sentinel热点key2

sentinel热点key3

sentinel热点key4

系统规则

sentinel系统规则限流

@SentinelResource

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@GetMapping("/a/get")
// 设置兜底方法为MyBlockHandler类中的handException方法
@SentinelResource(value="get",blockHandlerClass=MyBlockHandler.class,blockHandler="handException")
public CommResult getInfo(){
  return new CommResult(200,"成功","xxx")
}
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public class MyBlockHandler{

  // 必须是static的方法
  public static CommResult handException(){
      return new CommResult(444,"失败","yyy")
  }
}

sentinel注解自定义处理限流返回信息

sentinel注解自定义处理限流返回信息2

SpringBoot使用

pom

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<!-- 需引入SpringCloudAlibaba和SpringCloud和Springboot相关依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
</dependency>

yml

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spring:
  cloud:
    sentinel:
      transport:
        # 如果是docker启动就是8858端口，正常启动未指定端口就是8080
        dashboard: 192.168.0.18:8858
        # 本地用户和sentinel通信的端口
        port: 8719
        # 指定ip是防止多个ip时无法找到，可以不指定
        client-ip: 192.168.0.11
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
# 打开对feign的支持
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

规则持久化

下载sentinel源码包

源码包下载

sentinel持久化1
sentinel持久化2
sentinel持久化3
sentinel持久化4
sentinel持久化5
sentinel持久化6

修改完成后打jar包运行

客户端使用

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<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
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spring:
  application:
    name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
        port: 8719
      datasource:
        d1:
          nacos:
            server-addr: localhost:8848
            dataId: ${spring.application.name}-flow-rules
            namespace: sentinel-nacos
            groupId: SENTINEL_GROUP
            rule-type: flow

其他

熔断框架对比1
熔断框架对比2

注意

如果实时监控面板没有图表数据，但簇点链路有数据，说明是客户端的时间和服务端时间不一致

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